Disinformation Governance in Indonesia: A Non-Military Security Perspective and Comparative Insights from Singapore, Taiwan, and the European Union

Abstract

This study aims to analyze disinformation management as a non-military threat to Indonesia’s national security by examining existing response mechanisms and challenges in digital platform governance. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and secondary data, this study examines the relationship between non-military security, disinformation, and digital platform governance. The findings indicate that Indonesia has developed various mechanisms to address disinformation, including content identification and clarification, fact-checking, digital literacy programs, public reporting mechanisms, and collaboration with digital platforms. However, these efforts remain largely focused on content-level responses, while challenges related to algorithmic transparency, recommendation systems, content moderation, and the systemic detection of disinformation require further attention. This study positions disinformation not merely as an information-related issue, but as a non-military threat to national security that requires integrated and systemic governance. The study emphasizes the need to strengthen disinformation management through a preventive, collaborative, and ecosystem-based approach involving the government, digital platforms, media, academics, fact-checkers, and the public to foster public trust and support national stability.